Effects of strain and oxygen vacancies on the ferroelectric and antiferrodistortive distortions in PbTiO3/SrTiO3 superlattice

Menglei Li,1,2 Jia Li,3 Long-Qing Chen,4,5 Bing-Lin Gu,2,6 and Wenhui Duan1,2,6,* 1Department of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China 2Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China 3Institute of Advanced Materials, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, People’s Republic of China 4Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA 5School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China 6Institute for Advanced Study, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China (Received 6 April 2015; revised manuscript received 13 August 2015; published 21 September 2015)